| Environment & Health | ISSN: 2077-7477 eISSN: 2077-7485 |
No: 1 (90) - March, 2019 - Pages: 69-74
Morbidity in sports of high achievements.
bases of prevention
Arustamian O.M.1, Tkachyshyn V.S.1, Kondratiuk V.E.1, Aleksiichuk O.Yu.1
1 O.O. Bohomolets National Medical University, Kyiv
ÓÄÊ: 613.2 : 613.73
SUMMÀRY:
The concept of the excessive physical activity in the sports of the highest achievements involves the presence of excessive load which significantly exceeds the individual physical capabilities of a man. Trauma, over-strain of individual organs and systems, fatigue are the main pathogenetic link in the development of the diseases in the athletes. Professional sport is a prerequisite for the development of injuries and various diseases. In general the athletes, engaged in running, skiing, cycling, swimming, and rowing, belong to the risk groups of cardiovascular diseases which work under conditions of high aerobic loads. Gymnasts, volleyball and football players, weightlifters, throwers, acrobats suffer from the overload of locomotorium. An unfavorable prognosis of the onset of diseases is also associated with the intake of pharmacological agents prohibited in sports. Directions of the preventive measures for the prevention of the diseases and injuries in sports include a complex of legal-and-organizational, methodological, sanitary-and-hygienic, socio-economic, therapeutic-and-preventive, and sports-pedagogical measures. The general directions of preventive measures include the primary prevention (at the individual level): the medical observation, protective equipment, rational nutrition, effective warm-up, etc.; secondary prevention (at the group level) - improvement of rules, agreements, information, education; tertiary prevention - social planning, legislation, economic investments.
The effectiveness of the measures depends on a number of the factors of the organization of sports training, competitions, and health and functional possibilities of the athletes as well.
KEYWORDS:
sports, morbidity, traumatism, prevention.
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